Approach to Hypocalcemia

Clinical presentation of hypocalcemia

Type 

Clinical features 

Acute  

(Typically calcium < 7.5 mg/dL) 

    • Seizures 
    • Tetany 
      • Perioral or acral paresthesias 
      • Bronchospasm 
      • Laryngospasm 
      • Muscle cramps 
      • Muscle twitching 
  • Cardiac 
    • Arrhythmias 
    • Heart failure 
    • Hypotension 
    • Prolonged QTc interval on EKG 
  • Papilledema 

Chronic 

  • Abnormal dentition 
  • Dementia 
  • Dry skin 
  • Ectopic calcification in basal ganglia 
  • Extrapyramidal signs 
  • Parkinsonism 
  • Subcapsular cataracts 
(Next Lesson) Causes of hypocalcemia
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