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Common liver function tests (LFTs) | The Art of Clinical Medicine
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Abnormal Liver Function Tests

Common liver function tests (LFTs)


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TypeClinical Features

Aspartate aminotransferase (AST, previously called SGOT)

  • Main locations
    • Liver
    • Cardiac muscle
    • Skeletal muscle
    • Kidney
    • Brain
Alanine aminotransferase (ALT, previously called SGPT) 
  • Predominantly in liver
Alkaline phosphate 
  • Mainly in liver, bone, placenta
Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT)
  • Main locations
    • Liver and biliary epithelial cells
    • Kidney
    • Seminal vesicles
    • Pancreas
    • Spleen
    • Heart
    • Brain
  • Conditions with isolated GGT elevation 
    • Alcoholism
    • Pancreatic disease
    • Renal failure
    • Medications
    • COPD
Hepatic function studies  
  • Albumin 
  • Prothrombin time/international normalized ratio (PT/INR) 
(Next Lesson) Evaluation of abnormal LFTs
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